Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that develops in the thin layers of tissue (the mesothelium) that cover and protect many internal organs.

Mesothelioma is caused by exposure to asbestos, a mineral once widely used in construction, manufacturing, and other industries for its heat resistance and durability.

While mesothelioma most commonly affects the lining of the lungs (the pleura), it can also develop in the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum), the heart (pericardium), or the testicles (tunica vaginalis).

The term “malignant” signifies that this is a serious and cancerous condition that tends to grow and spread quickly without treatment. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to improving outcomes and quality of life.

Mesothelioma is grouped into different types based on where it develops in the body:

• Pleural mesothelioma (lungs): The most common type of mesothelioma affecting the chest and lungs
• Peritoneal mesothelioma (abdomen): Forming in the lining of the stomach
• Pericardial mesothelioma (heart): A very rare type which develops around the heart
• Testicular mesothelioma (testes): The rarest type, affecting the lining of the testes.

Knowing the type of mesothelioma is important as it can help you determine the best treatment options available and which specialists to see.

To confirm malignant mesothelioma, a biopsy is most often performed. This involves taking a small tissue sample from the affected area and examining it under a microscope to check for cancer cells.

Before a biopsy, doctors often use imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to detect abnormalities and determine the best area for tissue sampling.

The biopsy method used varies depending on the location of the mesothelioma:

• Pleural Mesothelioma (lung lining): The most common method is a thoracoscopy (pleuroscopy). This is where a thin tube-like instrument with a light and camera (a thoracoscope) is inserted through a small incision in the chest, allowing doctors to examine the pleura directly and collect tissue samples for a precise diagnosis.
• Peritoneal Mesothelioma (abdominal lining): Diagnosis often involves a laparoscopy, where a thin flexible instrument with a light and camera (a laparoscope) is inserted into the abdominal cavity to collect tissue samples.
• Pericardial Mesothelioma (heart lining): A biopsy may involve pericardiocentesis, where fluid is removed from the heart lining (pericardium) for testing, or a more invasive surgical biopsy if needed.
• Testicular Mesothelioma (testicular lining): A tissue biopsy from the affected area of the scrotum is typically performed. If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, seek guidance from a specialist as quickly as possible.

Early diagnosis and fast action can not only provide more treatment options, but also a better chance of improving survival and quality of life.

Yes, it’s always a good idea to get a second opinion.

Mesothelioma is a rare and complex disease. Confirming the diagnosis with a specialist can give you clarity and confidence in what to do next.

A second opinion may also introduce new treatment options or approaches that better fit you and your family’s needs.

Out-of-pocket costs for mesothelioma treatment can be incredibly high for surgery, chemotherapy, and other specialized care.

But you’re not alone—financial assistance is available. Common options include legal claims for asbestos exposure, veterans’ benefits, and support from insurance or financial aid programs.

You can call our number and one of our patient advocates will help you discover what’s available for you and we’ll do our best to support you in reducing your financial stress and burden.

Finding a mesothelioma specialist is critical for receiving the best care. These experts are often found at leading cancer centers around the U.S. and have experience treating this rare disease.

Your doctor can likely help provide a referral or call us and our patient advocates can help connect you to the mesothelioma specialists best suited for you or your loved one’s specific needs.

Many veterans were exposed to asbestos during their military service, particularly between the 1930s and 1970s, when asbestos was heavily used in Navy ships, military buildings, aircrafts, and vehicles.

This exposure puts veterans at a higher risk of developing mesothelioma, a disease that can take decades to appear after initial exposure.

Veterans account for about 30% of all mesothelioma patients. Fortunately, there are additional veterans benefits and specialized care programs designed to support veterans and their families through this difficult journey.

Please call us if you need answers to mesothelioma veteran related questions.